By Japan is confronting a significant demographic challenge characterized by a persistently declining birthrate and an aging population. In 2023, the country recorded only 727,277 births—a 5.6% decrease from the previous year—marking the lowest number since record-keeping began in 1899.This demographic shift has led to a natural population decrease, with deaths outnumbering births by 848,659 in 2023
.The total fertility rate in Japan has also declined, reaching a new low of 1.20 in 2023, with Tokyo’s rate falling below 1 for the first time.Projections suggest that if current trends continue, Japan’s population could shrink significantly, with some estimates indicating a potential reduction to 87 million by 2060.This demographic decline poses substantial challenges to Japan’s economy and social services, prompting the government to implement various policies aimed at reversing the trend.
These measures include promoting dating, providing lower-cost daycare, and encouraging a better work-life balance. Despite these efforts, the birthrate continues to fall, indicating that more comprehensive solutions may be necessary to address the underlying issues contributing to the decline.
